Marine turbine.



Patented May 13, 1913.

P. HODGKINSON.

MARINE TURBINE. f APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1910.

INVENTOR.

ySSl-:S:

@uw 11M S ATTORNEY IN FACT.

UNITED STATES- OFFICE.

FRANCIS HODGKINSON, OF EDGEWOOI) PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, EY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO TI-IE COLONIAL TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

MARINE TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 24, 1910. Serial No. 583,643.

To all 'whomz't may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANCIS I'IoDoKIN- soN, a subject of the Kino of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Edgewood Park, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made anew and useful Invention' ilnMarine Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to marine or reversing turbines and has for an object to produce an improved form of reversing turbines, in which the balance dummies employed for the ahead and reversing sections are located adjacent to each other and at one end of the turbine easing.

A further object is to produce a turbine provided with a reversing portion, which does not materially increase the length of' the turbine.

These and other objects I attain in a turbine embodying the features herein lcscribed and illustrated in the drawings 4aecompanying this application and forming a part thereof.

In the drawings7 I have illustrated. ak turbine embQd ing mylinvention, partially in longitudine section and partially in eleva tion.

Referring tothe drawings: the turbine illustrated as an embodiment ot my invention includes an ahead and a reversing portion, both of which are located in a single casing 3, and receive motive fluid at opposite ends of the casing. The ahead portion consists of an initial stage 4, a secondary or intermediate stage 5 and a final or low pressure stage 6. The initial stage illustrated consists of two rows of impulse blades 7 mounted on a wheel 8 and receiving motive Huid from a discharge nozzle 9, which communicates with a source of fluid supply through a port 10 provided in the casing Intermediate directing blades 11 are located between the annular rows of blades 7 and are mounted on the casing 3 in any suitable manner. The wheel 8 is shown as integrally formed with the rotor element 12 of the turbine; this construction, however, is merely illustrative and the wheel may be separately formed and mounted on the shaft or rotor element of the turbine in any suitable manner.

The motive fluid discharge from the final row of blades 7 ot' the initial stage is received' by the intermediate or secondary stage 5, which consists of alternate annular rows of moving and stationary blades 13 mounted on the rotor and casing respectively. The motive fiuid discharged from the intermediate stage is delivered to the filial or low pressure stage 6, which consists ot' alternate annular rows of moving and stationary blades 14 respectively mounted on a drum l5 carried by therotor element and on the casing 3 of the turbine. The motive fluid discharged from the final row of blades of the stage 6 is received by an eX- haust passage 16 located within the turbine casing and in direct communication with an exhaust port 17, which may communicate with a condenser or the atmosphere, as desired.

The motive fluid, in traversinggthe intermediate stage 5, imposes a longitudinal thrust on the rotor element in the general direction of the fiow of fluid. I counter balance this thrust by means of a dummy piston 18, which is located adjacent to the admission end of the stage 5, and is in direet communication with it. An inter-leaving seal or any other suitable form of packing 19 is provided between the peripheral face of the dummy 18 and a diaphragm 21, which is shown formed integrally with the casin(if 5. The longitudinal thrust imposed by the stage (i is coimtenbalanced by means of a dummy piston 22, which is mounted on the rotor element and which communicates, on one side, with the inlet end of the stage 5, and on the other, with the exhaust passage 16. A passage 23, formed in the rotor element of the turbine, provides the means of communication between the inlet end of the stage 6 and one side of the dummy; and piping 24, located exterior to the casing, forms the means of communication between the chamber 16 and the other side of the balance dummy 22. Either passage may be located in the rotor, or they may both be located exterior to' the casing. An inter-leaving seal 22 is shown between the peripheral face of the dummy 22 and the casing 3. With this` arrangement, the balance dummy 18 is exposed on Patented May 13, 1913. Y

one side to the inlet pressure and on the other side to the exhaust pressure of the .stage 5; and the dummy 22 is exposed on opposite sides to the inlet andthe exhaust pressure of the stage and the ahead por-v Aformed and mounted on the rotor element in iany suitable manner. The nozzle 29 communic-ates with a port 30 provided in the casing 3 and receives motive liuid therefrom. The motive fluid discharged from the initial stage 25 is received by the stage 26, which consists of alternate annularrows of moving and stationary blades. The rotating blades of the stage 26 are mounted on the rotor ele ment of the turbine in any suitable manner and the stationary blades of that stage are mounted on the inner peripheral face of the flange 32, which is shown as formed integrally with the turbine casing and which is surrounded by the passage 16. The supporting partition 33 of the flange separates the stage 25 Jfrom the exhaust passage 16 of the turbine and extends entirely around the turbine casing.

The motive fluid, after traversing the stationary and rotating blades of the stage 26, is discharged into the exhaust passage 16 through an annular passage 34 located between the edge of the drum 15 and the adjacent edge of the flange 32. With this arrangement, the reversing portion of the turi bine is practically located in the exhaust passage of the turbine casing and for that reason does notmaterially increase the length of the turbine.

The initial stage 25, like the initial stage 4 of the ahead turbine, does -not induce a longitudinal thrust on the rotor element, and consequently it is not necessary to provide balance pistons for it. The stage 26` however, produces a longitudinal-'thrust on the turbine rotor in the general direction of the travel-of the fluid through it, which I counter-balance by means of a dummy piston 35 located at the ahead end of the turbine, and shown as integrally formed with the rotor element of the turbine. An interleaving seall 36 is shown between the peripheral face of the dummy 35 and a reentrant flange 37 formed on the turbine easing. The seal 36 is exposed at one end to the inlet pressure of the stage 26 through a passage 3S, which extends longitudinally throughv the rotor element of the turbine, and is exposed at the other end to 'exhaust pressure through the piping. 24. lVith this arrangement, the reversing portion of the turbine is balanced for all loads, and all the balance pistons are located at the inlet end of the ahead port-ion of the turbine. This arrangement is advantageous since it is necessary to adjust the relative positions of the separate elements comprising the packings 19, 22" and 37 for the purpose of maintaining fluid tight seals. This adjustment is usually accomplished by providing a thrust block for the purpose of adj usting the rotor element of the turbine longitudinally and locking it in the adjusted position. It is almost absolutely impossible to maintain a packing in the proper adjustment it it is located at any distance from the thrust block. Vith the arrangement illustrated, the thrust block can be located exterior to the easing and immediately ad-v jacent to the dummy pistons 18, 22 and 35, and consequently the operation of adjusting the parkings will. be greatly simplified, and the inter-leaving seals will remain inthe adjusted position.

While the ahead portion of the turbine is operating, the fluid supply to the reversing portion is shut off and consequently the moving blades ot' the reversing turbine rotate in a vacuum, if operating condensing, since the stage 26 is in direct communication with the exhaust passage 16 and the stage 25 is in open communication with the stage 26. lVhen the reversing portion of the turbine is operating, the supply of motive iiuid is shut off tol the ahead portion and its moving blades rotate in a vacuum.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A reversing turbine comprising an ,ahead portion and a reversing portion located at4 opposite ends of the turbine, and means located at one end 0f the turbine for balancing the longitudinal thrust of both ahead portion and a reversing portion, an

exhaust passage common to both portions and located near one end of the turbine and ,means for balancing both portions located adjacent to the inlet `end oit the ahead portion.

et. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead and a reversingportion through which therworlring fluid tlows inwardly in opposite direction,`aml means located adjacent to the inlet end of the ahead portion of the turbine for balancing the longitudinal thrust of both portions.

5. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead and a reversing portion located at opposite ends of the turbine and through which the working fluid i'lows inwardly in opposite directions, and balancing dummies for both portions located adjacent to each other and at the inlet end of the ahead portion.

6. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead portion and a reversing portion located at opposite ends of the turbine and through which the working fluiflows inwardly in opposite directions, anc oalancing dummies for both portions located adjacent to each other and near the inlet end of the ahead portion.

7. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead and a reversing portion through which the working fiuid flows inwardly in opposite directions, and balancing dummies for'both portions located adjacent to each other and adjacent to the inlet end of the ahead portion.

8. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead portion and a reversing portion lo cated at opposite ends of the turbine, an exhaust passage located near one end of the' turbine and communicating with both-portions and balancing dummies for both portions located adjacent to each other and at the other end of the turbine.l

9. A reversing turbine comprising an ahead and a reversing portion, an exhaust passage common to both portions and located near one end of the turbine casing -tion provided with an inlet port and an eX- haust passage, a reversmg portion surrounded by said exhaust passage and communieating therewith and means located at one end of the turbine casing for balancing both portions.

11. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion provided with an inlet port and an exhaust passage, a reversing portion surrounded by said passage and communicating therewith and balancing dummies located adjacent to each other and near one end of the turbine for balancing both portions.

12. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion provided with an inlet port and an exhaust passage, a reversing port-ion surrounded by said passage and communicating therewith and dummy pistons for balancing both of said portions located adjacent to the inlet end of said ahead portion.

In testimony, whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 22nd day of September 1910.

FRANCIS HoDeKINsoN.

Witnesses:

C. W. MGGHEE, E. WV. MCCALLISTER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Petunia, Washington, D. C. 

